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Julio Cortazar

HOO-lyoh kor-TAH-sahr

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Julio Cortazar was an Argentine novelist and short story writer, one of the founding figures of the Latin American Boom alongside Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Mario Vargas Llosa and Carlos Fuentes. His 1963 novel Hopscotch (Rayuela) can be read in either its printed chapter order or a second order set out in the author's own Table of Instructions, an early and influential experiment in nonlinear structure that helped define the Boom's formal ambition. Cortazar wrote in self-imposed exile in Paris from 1951 onward, though he continued publishing in Spanish throughout.

Facts
Birth Year
1914 1
Death Year
1984 1
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A Novel with Two Orders

This article records tradition as it has been passed down and reported. Its sources are not yet part of the atlas's verified catalogue.

Julio Cortazar's 1963 novel Hopscotch opens with a Table of Instructions offering the reader two ways through the book: straight through its first 56 chapters in order, or hopscotching through all 155 chapters in a second sequence the author specifies, which loops back through material the first reading skips. The structure was an unusually direct challenge to the idea that a novel has one correct reading order, and it became one of the most discussed formal experiments to come out of the Latin American Boom, imitated and debated by later writers working in nonlinear form.

Writing from Exile

This article records tradition as it has been passed down and reported. Its sources are not yet part of the atlas's verified catalogue.

Julio Cortazar left Argentina for Paris in 1951; his anti-Peronist views prompted the move, and he lived there for the rest of his life while continuing to write and publish in Spanish for an Argentine and wider Latin American readership. His physical distance from Buenos Aires did not distance him from Argentine subject matter, and later in his life he became an outspoken supporter of leftist causes across Latin America, including Cuba's and Nicaragua's revolutionary governments, donating the royalties from his novel A Manual for Manuel to the families of political prisoners.

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In Movement

Founding figure of the Boom; Hopscotch (1963) is among the movement's most formally influential novels, readable in two different chapter orders by the author's own design.

Sources
1. Julio Cortazar (Wikipedia)
Life and career
1. Julio Cortazar (Wikipedia)
In Movement: The Latin American Boom
1. Julio Cortazar (Wikipedia)
Long-Form Articles: A Novel with Two Orders
1. Julio Cortazar (Wikipedia)
Long-Form Articles: Writing from Exile
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