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The Castle of Otranto
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The Castle of Otranto (1764) is Horace Walpole's short Gothic novel of a haunted, prophecy-bound castle, in which the illegitimate ruler Manfred's plans collapse under a series of escalating supernatural omens, including a giant helmet that falls from nowhere to kill his own son. Walpole first published it anonymously, presenting the book as his own translation of a found medieval Italian manuscript; when a second edition followed within a year to strong sales, he acknowledged authorship and added the subtitle A Gothic Story, naming the genre the novel is credited with founding. Its combination of medieval setting, supernatural terror and a family curse driving the plot established a pattern later Gothic novelists, including Ann Radcliffe and Mary Shelley, would develop.
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The genre's founding work.
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